← Every exhibit
Is PVM a causal explanation?
| Causal field | Question to answer |
|---|---|
| Treatment | Which price, assortment, launch, or discontinuation action changed? |
| Comparison | Which eligible lines, customers, markets, or time periods provide the counterfactual? |
| Outcome | Revenue, units, margin, retention, or another defined result? |
| Window | When can the outcome respond, and how are partial periods handled? |
| Concurrent changes | What else changed in distribution, capacity, promotion, product, or contract terms? |
| Test | Which design can separate the focal change from those concurrent changes? |
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Reference & Evidence
Source: Table from this essay. Sources and interpretation are given in the article.
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