← Every exhibit

Table Table 1 Growth that compounds

What does sustainable growth rate mean?

TermDeclarationFailure when it is hidden
Return on equityNet income divided by a named average equity baseLeverage, goodwill, or period changes move the ratio
Retention ratioShare of earnings retained rather than paid outA payout assumption is mistaken for operating growth
Payout ratioShare of earnings distributed under the declared policyBuybacks, special dividends, or loss periods change the numerator
Sustainable growth rateROE multiplied by retention under the identityA conditional capacity becomes a forecast or target
Financing boundaryDebt, equity, cash, asset productivity, and leverage assumptionsExternal financing is hidden when the target exceeds the identity

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Reference & Evidence

Source: Table from this essay. Sources and interpretation are given in the article.